Métodos de extração e aplicações biotecnológicas de colágeno de resíduos de peixes: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Palavras-chave:
colágeno, biotecnologia, resíduos de peixes, extração, saúde públicaResumo
A indústria pesqueira gera grandes volumes de resíduos que podem ser aproveitados como fonte valiosa de colágeno, proteína estrutural de ampla relevância para a saúde e a biotecnologia. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar sistematicamente os métodos de extração e as aplicações do colágeno obtido de resíduos de peixes, considerando artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2024. A pesquisa, conduzida segundo o protocolo PRISMA nas bases PubMed, Embase, Scopus e Web of Science, utilizou os descritores MeSH “fish” e “collagen”. Foram incluídos apenas estudos originais que abordassem métodos de extração e aplicação do colágeno de peixes, excluindo trabalhos sobre gelatina ou espécies não marinhas. Dos 1649 artigos identificados, 19 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados mostraram que os métodos mais empregados foram os ácidos e enzimáticos, isolados ou combinados com ultrassom, com destaque para a obtenção de colágeno tipo I, majoritariamente da pele. O colágeno marinho demonstrou grande potencial de uso nas indústrias cosmética, farmacêutica, alimentícia e biomédica, com vantagens em relação ao colágeno bovino ou suíno, como alta biocompatibilidade, menor risco de transmissão de doenças e maior aceitação religiosa e cultural. Assim, o aproveitamento de resíduos da indústria pesqueira para extração de colágeno configura alternativa sustentável e promissora, sendo que a integração de técnicas tradicionais com abordagens inovadoras otimiza rendimento e pureza do bioproduto, ampliando suas aplicações em diferentes áreas da saúde.Downloads
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