Why do We Want Trees? Potential for Improvement in Food and Income in Brazilian Rural Settlements

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52719/bjas.v2i2.3774

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate tree species cultivated and maintained by family farmers in five rural settlements, to understand the motivations for farmers to cultivate them and analyze their potential to provide income and food improvement. We have studied trees distribution in 16 lots and surveyed tree species cultivated by farmers, as well as their functions within the lots. We listed food and medicinal species, and those already commercialized, and the main market channels for their products. The main reason the families cultivate or maintain trees in their lots is for food supply but there are other motivations, related to well-being and cultural issues. Farmers plant trees motivated mainly by direct use (food) and for the possibility of generating income through the sale of tree products. We found 94 tree species, being half of them cultivated for food and medicinal uses. Approximately 45% of these species are commercialized by farmers in different channels. We conclude that trees are important for farming and livelihoods in rural settlements and have potential to be inserted in local productive systems.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Bruna Aparecida Silva, Universidade de São Paulo

Bacharela em Agroecologia pela Universidade Federal de São Carlos (2017) e mestre em Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Rural pela Universidade Federal de São Carlos (2020). Atualmente doutoranda em Biologia Comparada na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto-SP. Atua em pesquisas relacionadas a agroecologia e processos ecológicos.

Adriana Cavalieri Sais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)

Professora Associada, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Departamento de Desenvolvimento Rural, Araras – SP, Brasil.

Eliana Cardoso-Leite, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)

Professora Associada, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), (CCTS – DCA), Sorocaba – SP, Brasil.

Renata Evangelista de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)

Professora Associada, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Departamento de Desenvolvimento Rural, Araras – SP, Brasil.

References

Adane, F.; Legesse, A.; Weldeamanuel, T. & Belay, T. (2019, January 10). The contribution of a fruit tree-based agroforestry system for household income to smallholder farmers in Dale District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Adv Plants Agric Res. 9(1), 78‒84. DOI: 10.15406/apar.2019.09.00415

Albuquerque, U. P.; Lucena, R. F. P. & Alencar, N. L. (2010). Métodos e técnicas para coleta de dados etnobiológicos. In: Albuquerque, U. P.; Lucena, R. F. P.; Cunha, F. V. F. C. Métodos e técnicas na pesquisa etnobiológica e etnoecológica. Recife: Editora Livro Rápido/NUPPEA.

Albuquerque, U. P. & Lucena, R. F. P. (2004). Métodos e técnicas na pesquisa etnobotânica. Recife: Editora Livro Rápido - Grupo Elógica.

Altieri, M. A. (2002, December). Agroecology: the science of natural resource management for poor farmers in marginal environments. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 93(1-3), 1-24. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00085-3

Bozzo, I. T. & Figueiredo, R. A. (2018, August 01). A implementação de princípios agroflorestais e sua importância no desenvolvimento dos agroecossistemas: experiência no assentamento Santa Helena, São Carlos (SP). Retratos de Assentamentos 21 (2), 86-105. DOI: 10.25059/2527-2594/retratosdeassentamentos/2018.v21i2.325

Chirwa, P. W. & Mala, W. (2016, July 21). Trees in the landscape: towards the promotion and development of traditional and farm forest management in tropical and subtropical regions. Agroforestry Systems 90, 555–561. DOI: 10.1007/s10457-016-9987-y

Chan, K. M.; Gold, R. K. & Pascual, U. (2018, December 07). Editorial overview: Relational values: what are they, and what’s the fuss about? Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 35, A1–A7. DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2018.11.003

Clark, P.; Martinéz, L. (June 2016). Local alternatives to private agricultural certification in Ecuador: Broadening access to ‘new markets’? Journal os Rural Studies 45, 292-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.01.014.

Colfer, C. J. P.; Achdiawan, R.; Adnan, H.; Moeliono, M.; Mulyana, A.; Mulyoutami, E.; Roshetko, J. M.; Yuliani, E. L.; Balang & LepMil. (2015, October 22). Preparing the ground for better landscape governance: gendered realities in southern Sulawesi. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 24 (1), 59-83. DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2014.951002

Cooper, N.; Bradyc, E.; Steend, H. & Bryced, R. (2016, October 04). Aesthetic and Spiritual Values of Ecosystems: Recognising the Ontological and Axiological Plurality of Cultural Ecosystem Services. Ecosystem Services 21(2016), 218–229. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.07.014

Cruz, N. N. D. (2008). Modos de vida e territorialidades nos assentamentos de reforma agrária. RA’EGA 16, 93-100. DOI: 10.5380/raega.v16i0.12680

Degrande, A.; Schreckenberg, K.; Mbosso, C.; Anegbeh, P.; Okafor, V. & Kanmegne, J. (2006, June). Farmers’ fruit tree growth strategies in the humid forest zone of Cameroon and Nigeria. Agroforestry Systems 67 (2), 159–175. DOI: 10.1007/s10457-005-2649-0

Duque-Brasil, R.; Soldati, G. T.; Costa, F. V.; Marcatti, A. A.; Reis Jr, R. & Coelho, F. M. G. (2011, September 24). Composição, uso e conservação de espécies arbóreas em quintais de agricultores familiares na região da mata seca norte-mineira, Brasil. Sitientibus série Ciências Biológicas 11 (2), 287–297.

Farias, M. H. C. S.; Beltrão, N. E. S.; Santos, C. A. & Cordeiro, Y. E. M. (2018, May 15). Impacto dos assentamentos rurais no desmatamento da Amazônia. Mercator 17, 1-20. DOI: 10.4215/rm2018.e17009

Feito, M. C. (April, 2020). Comercialización de la agricultura familiar para el desarrollo rural: feria de la Universidad Nacional de La Matanza. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, 58(1), e187384. DOI:10.1590/1806-9479.2020.187384

Ferreira, D. C. F.; Pompeu, G. S. S.; Fonseca, J. R. & Santos, J. C. (2015, February 18). Sistemas agroflorestais comerciais em áreas de agricultores familiares no município de Altamira, Pará. Revista Brasileira de Agroecologia 9 (3), 104-116.

Fundação Instituto de Terras do Estado de São Paulo “José Gomes da Silva”. (2007). Assentamentos: Situação Quanto a Localização Municipal. Recovered in: April 21, 2019 in http://www.itesp.sp.gov.br

Herrera, L. P.; Sabatino, M. C.; Jaimes, F. R. & Saura, S. (2017, August 28). Landscape connectivity and the role of small habitat patches as stepping stones: an assessment of the grassland biome in South America. Biodiversity and Conservation 26 (14), 3465–3479. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-017-1416-7

Ingram, V.; Levang, P.; Cronkleton, P.; Degrande, A.; Leakey, R. & Damme, P. V. (2014, March 14). Forest and tree product value chains. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 23 (1-2), 1-5. DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2014.892756

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE (2010). Informações sobre os Municípios Brasileiros: Cidades. Recovered in: May 07, 2020 in http://www.ibge.gov.br

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE (2017). Censo Agropecuário 2017. Recovered in: May 07, 2020 in https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/pesquisa/censo-agropecuario/censo-agropecuario-2017

Mbow, C.; Noordwijk, M. V.; Luedeling, E.; Neufeldt, H.; Minang, P. A. & Kowero, G. (2013, November 17). Agroforestry solutions to address food security and climate change challenges in Africa. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 6, 61–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2013.10.014

Miranda, L. A. & Carmo, M. S. (2009, June 23). Recursos florestais no assentamento 12 de outubro (Horto Vergel), Mogi Mirim, SP. Revista Árvore 33 (6), 1085-1093. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-67622009000600011

Ndayambaje, J. D.; Heijman, W. J. M. & Mohren, G. M. J. (2012, January 22). Household determinants of tree planting on farms in rural Rwanda. Small-scale Forestry 11, 477–508. DOI: 10.1007/s11842-012-9196-0

O’Farrell, P. J. & Anderson, P. M. L. (2010, February 22). Sustainable multifunctional landscapes: a review to implementation. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 2 (1–2), 59-65. DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2010.02.005

Oli, B. N.; Treue, T. & Larsen, H. O. (2015, April 29). Socio-Economic Determinants of growing trees on farms in the middle hills of Nepal. Agroforestry Systems 89, 765–777. DOI: 10.1007/s10457-015-9810-1

Piasentin, F. B.; Saito, C. H. & Sambuichi, R. H. R. (2014 July-September). Preferências Locais Quanto às Árvores do Sistema cacau-cabruca no Sudeste da Bahia. Ambiente & Sociedade XVII (3), 55-78.

Ramos Filho, L. O.; Szmrecsányi, T. & Pellegrini, J. B. R. (2010). Biodiversidade e reforma agrária: uma experiência agroecológica na região canavieira de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil. Retratos de Assentamento 13, 207-238.

Robles, W. (2019, June). The politics of agicultural cooperativism in Brazil: A case study of the landless rural worker movement (MST). Journal of Co-operative Organzation and Management 7 (1), 10-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcom.2019.02.001.

Published

2021-01-02

How to Cite

Silva, B. A., Sais, A. C., Cardoso-Leite, E., & Oliveira, R. E. de. (2021). Why do We Want Trees? Potential for Improvement in Food and Income in Brazilian Rural Settlements. Brazilian Journal of Agroecology and Sustainability, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.52719/bjas.v2i2.3774

Issue

Section

Artigos