Epidemiological, clinical, ultrasonographic and anatomopathological characterization of gastrointestinal pythiosis in dogs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v19n3-7533Keywords:
Pythium insidiosum, oomycete, pyogranulomatous infiltrate, motile zoosporesAbstract
This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, anatomopathological, ultrasonographic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings of gastrointestinal pythiosis in dogs diagnosed at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Paraíba. From 2014 to 2022, five cases of the disease were diagnosed, and the definitive diagnosis was established by immunohistochemistry. From these cases, epidemiological and clinical data, ultrasonographic examination, and macroscopic and microscopic lesions were extracted. For the morphotintorial characterization of Pythium insidiosum, histochemical stains such as Grocott's methenamine silver nitrate (GMS) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) were performed. In one of the cases, a cytological examination was performed during necropsy. In immunohistochemistry, a polyclonal primary antibody anti-P. insidiosum was used at a dilution of 1:1,000. Macroscopically, the lesions were characterized by transmural thickening of the layers of the stomach; duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; cecum, colon, and rectum; and lymphadenomegaly, with irregular, firm, and yellowish masses. Cytologically, a marked pyogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate with multinucleated giant cells and negative images of tubuliform structures suggestive of P. insidiosum hyphae were observed. Histologically, there was pyogranulomatous or granulomatous enteritis and gastritis associated with negative images of tubuliform structures suggestive of P. insidiosum hyphae in the cytoplasm of giant cells, macrophages, and free areas of necrosis sometimes surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli. In the PAS histochemical stain, the hyphal walls stained weakly magenta; in the GMS stain, they stained black; and in the immunohistochemical assay, they exhibited brown immunolabeling. It is concluded that the epidemiological, clinical, ultrasonographic, anatomopathological and histochemical findings allowed the suggestive diagnosis of gastrointestinal pythiosis, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry with the specific identification of P. insidiosum in tissue samples. Gastrointestinal pythiosis in dogs should be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases that present with gastrointestinal signs and occur in endemic areas.Downloads
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Copyright (c) 2025 Isabela Calixto Matias, Caroline Gomes da Silva, Laynaslan Abreu Soares, Maria Estrela de Oliveira Ramos, Juliana Ferreira da Silva, Yanca Soares Góes dos Santos, Glauco José Nogueira de Galiza, Lisanka Ângelo Maia
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